Asymmetric Effect of Military Expenditures on Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Nonlinear-ARDL Approach

The nexus between military expenditure and economic growth has been analyzed using different methods techniques in the literature, but most previous findings are indecisive, i.e., non-significant, positive, or negative. primary purpose of this article was to explain expenditure-economic Pakistan by capturing asymmetrical effects expenditures on non-linear autoregressive distribution lag-NARDL technique. Data were from 1972-2018. results indicated that a decrease spending (adverse shocks) enhanced long term. An increase (positive had an insignificant effect Pakistan, suggesting focus cost reduction may benefit growth. More so, Wald test validated asymmetries both long- short Capital formation labor force, as control variable, positively affected run. Based these findings, paper offers some critical suggestions for policymakers.